The Role of Sleep in Physical and Mental Well-Being

Abstract

Sleep is a vital biological function necessary for the maintenance of human life and the achievement of maximum health. Sufficient and high-quality sleep promotes physical and mental well-being, immune function, cardiovascular wellness, metabolic regulation, cognitive function, and emotional regulation. Conversely, sleep disorders and chronic sleep deprivation are associated with increased risks of obesity, diabetes, hypertension, depression, anxiety, and reduced quality of life. With rapid technology, changing lifestyles, and heightened stress levels, sleep disorders have surfaced as a global public health problem. This paper addresses the multifaceted role of sleep in physical and psychological health, its physiological processes, advantages to health, risks of deprivation, common sleep disorders, and evidence-based approaches to improving sleep health . Through convergence of evidence from neuroscience, psychology, and public health sciences, the research emphasizes the fundamental significance of sleep as a foundation of overall health.